// Copyright 2015-2020 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of OpenEthereum.

// OpenEthereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.

// OpenEthereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with OpenEthereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

extern crate either;
extern crate ethereum_types;
extern crate memmap;
extern crate parking_lot;
extern crate primal;
extern crate tiny_keccak;

#[macro_use]
extern crate crunchy;
#[macro_use]
extern crate log;

#[cfg(test)]
extern crate rustc_hex;

#[cfg(test)]
extern crate serde_json;

#[cfg(test)]
extern crate tempdir;

#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
pub mod compute;
#[cfg(not(feature = "bench"))]
mod compute;

mod cache;
mod keccak;
mod seed_compute;
mod shared;

#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
pub mod progpow;
#[cfg(not(feature = "bench"))]
mod progpow;

pub use cache::{NodeCacheBuilder, OptimizeFor};
use compute::Light;
pub use compute::{quick_get_difficulty, slow_hash_block_number, ProofOfWork};
use ethereum_types::{BigEndianHash, U256, U512};
use keccak::H256;
use parking_lot::Mutex;
pub use seed_compute::SeedHashCompute;
pub use shared::ETHASH_EPOCH_LENGTH;
use std::{
    convert::TryFrom,
    mem,
    path::{Path, PathBuf},
};

use std::sync::Arc;

struct LightCache {
    recent_epoch: Option<u64>,
    recent: Option<Arc<Light>>,
    prev_epoch: Option<u64>,
    prev: Option<Arc<Light>>,
}

/// Light/Full cache manager.
pub struct EthashManager {
    nodecache_builder: NodeCacheBuilder,
    cache: Mutex<LightCache>,
    cache_dir: PathBuf,
    progpow_transition: u64,
}

impl EthashManager {
    /// Create a new new instance of ethash manager
    pub fn new<T: Into<Option<OptimizeFor>>>(
        cache_dir: &Path,
        optimize_for: T,
        progpow_transition: u64,
    ) -> EthashManager {
        EthashManager {
            cache_dir: cache_dir.to_path_buf(),
            nodecache_builder: NodeCacheBuilder::new(
                optimize_for.into().unwrap_or_default(),
                progpow_transition,
            ),
            progpow_transition: progpow_transition,
            cache: Mutex::new(LightCache {
                recent_epoch: None,
                recent: None,
                prev_epoch: None,
                prev: None,
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Calculate the light client data
    /// `block_number` - Block number to check
    /// `light` - The light client handler
    /// `header_hash` - The header hash to pack into the mix
    /// `nonce` - The nonce to pack into the mix
    pub fn compute_light(&self, block_number: u64, header_hash: &H256, nonce: u64) -> ProofOfWork {
        let epoch = block_number / ETHASH_EPOCH_LENGTH;
        let light = {
            let mut lights = self.cache.lock();
            let light = if block_number == self.progpow_transition {
                // we need to regenerate the cache to trigger algorithm change to progpow inside `Light`
                None
            } else {
                match lights.recent_epoch.clone() {
                    Some(ref e) if *e == epoch => lights.recent.clone(),
                    _ => match lights.prev_epoch.clone() {
                        Some(e) if e == epoch => {
                            // don't swap if recent is newer.
                            if lights.recent_epoch > lights.prev_epoch {
                                None
                            } else {
                                // swap
                                let t = lights.prev_epoch;
                                lights.prev_epoch = lights.recent_epoch;
                                lights.recent_epoch = t;
                                let t = lights.prev.clone();
                                lights.prev = lights.recent.clone();
                                lights.recent = t;
                                lights.recent.clone()
                            }
                        }
                        _ => None,
                    },
                }
            };

            match light {
                None => {
                    let light = match self
                        .nodecache_builder
                        .light_from_file(&self.cache_dir, block_number)
                    {
                        Ok(light) => Arc::new(light),
                        Err(e) => {
                            debug!("Light cache file not found for {}:{}", block_number, e);
                            let mut light =
                                self.nodecache_builder.light(&self.cache_dir, block_number);
                            if let Err(e) = light.to_file() {
                                warn!("Light cache file write error: {}", e);
                            }
                            Arc::new(light)
                        }
                    };
                    lights.prev_epoch = mem::replace(&mut lights.recent_epoch, Some(epoch));
                    lights.prev = mem::replace(&mut lights.recent, Some(light.clone()));
                    light
                }
                Some(light) => light,
            }
        };
        light.compute(header_hash, nonce, block_number)
    }
}

/// Convert an Ethash boundary to its original difficulty. Basically just `f(x) = 2^256 / x`.
pub fn boundary_to_difficulty(boundary: &ethereum_types::H256) -> U256 {
    difficulty_to_boundary_aux(&boundary.into_uint())
}

/// Convert an Ethash difficulty to the target boundary. Basically just `f(x) = 2^256 / x`.
pub fn difficulty_to_boundary(difficulty: &U256) -> ethereum_types::H256 {
    BigEndianHash::from_uint(&difficulty_to_boundary_aux(difficulty))
}

fn difficulty_to_boundary_aux<T: Into<U512>>(difficulty: T) -> ethereum_types::U256 {
    let difficulty = difficulty.into();

    assert!(!difficulty.is_zero());

    if difficulty == U512::one() {
        U256::max_value()
    } else {
        const PROOF: &str = "difficulty > 1, so result never overflows 256 bits; qed";
        U256::try_from((U512::one() << 256) / difficulty).expect(PROOF)
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_lru() {
    use tempdir::TempDir;

    let tempdir = TempDir::new("").unwrap();
    let ethash = EthashManager::new(tempdir.path(), None, u64::max_value());
    let hash = [0u8; 32];
    ethash.compute_light(1, &hash, 1);
    ethash.compute_light(50000, &hash, 1);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().recent_epoch.unwrap(), 1);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().prev_epoch.unwrap(), 0);
    ethash.compute_light(1, &hash, 1);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().recent_epoch.unwrap(), 0);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().prev_epoch.unwrap(), 1);
    ethash.compute_light(70000, &hash, 1);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().recent_epoch.unwrap(), 2);
    assert_eq!(ethash.cache.lock().prev_epoch.unwrap(), 0);
}

#[test]
fn test_difficulty_to_boundary() {
    use ethereum_types::{BigEndianHash, H256};
    use std::str::FromStr;

    assert_eq!(
        difficulty_to_boundary(&U256::from(1)),
        BigEndianHash::from_uint(&U256::max_value())
    );
    assert_eq!(
        difficulty_to_boundary(&U256::from(2)),
        H256::from_str("8000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap()
    );
    assert_eq!(
        difficulty_to_boundary(&U256::from(4)),
        H256::from_str("4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap()
    );
    assert_eq!(
        difficulty_to_boundary(&U256::from(32)),
        H256::from_str("0800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap()
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_difficulty_to_boundary_regression() {
    use ethereum_types::H256;

    // the last bit was originally being truncated when performing the conversion
    // https://github.com/openethereum/openethereum/issues/8397
    for difficulty in 1..9 {
        assert_eq!(
            U256::from(difficulty),
            boundary_to_difficulty(&difficulty_to_boundary(&difficulty.into()))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            H256::from_low_u64_be(difficulty),
            difficulty_to_boundary(&boundary_to_difficulty(&H256::from_low_u64_be(difficulty)))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            U256::from(difficulty),
            boundary_to_difficulty(&BigEndianHash::from_uint(&boundary_to_difficulty(
                &H256::from_low_u64_be(difficulty)
            ))),
        );
        assert_eq!(
            H256::from_low_u64_be(difficulty),
            difficulty_to_boundary(&difficulty_to_boundary(&difficulty.into()).into_uint())
        );
    }
}

#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn test_difficulty_to_boundary_panics_on_zero() {
    difficulty_to_boundary(&U256::from(0));
}

#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn test_boundary_to_difficulty_panics_on_zero() {
    boundary_to_difficulty(&ethereum_types::H256::zero());
}