Crate url

Expand description

rust-url is an implementation of the URL Standard for the Rust programming language.

URL parsing and data structures

First, URL parsing may fail for various reasons and therefore returns a Result.

use url::{Url, ParseError};

assert!(Url::parse("http://[:::1]") == Err(ParseError::InvalidIpv6Address))

Let’s parse a valid URL and look at its components.

use url::{Url, Host, Position};
let issue_list_url = Url::parse(
    "https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues?labels=E-easy&state=open"
)?;


assert!(issue_list_url.scheme() == "https");
assert!(issue_list_url.username() == "");
assert!(issue_list_url.password() == None);
assert!(issue_list_url.host_str() == Some("github.com"));
assert!(issue_list_url.host() == Some(Host::Domain("github.com")));
assert!(issue_list_url.port() == None);
assert!(issue_list_url.path() == "/rust-lang/rust/issues");
assert!(issue_list_url.path_segments().map(|c| c.collect::<Vec<_>>()) ==
        Some(vec!["rust-lang", "rust", "issues"]));
assert!(issue_list_url.query() == Some("labels=E-easy&state=open"));
assert!(&issue_list_url[Position::BeforePath..] == "/rust-lang/rust/issues?labels=E-easy&state=open");
assert!(issue_list_url.fragment() == None);
assert!(!issue_list_url.cannot_be_a_base());

Some URLs are said to be cannot-be-a-base: they don’t have a username, password, host, or port, and their “path” is an arbitrary string rather than slash-separated segments:

use url::Url;

let data_url = Url::parse("data:text/plain,Hello?World#")?;

assert!(data_url.cannot_be_a_base());
assert!(data_url.scheme() == "data");
assert!(data_url.path() == "text/plain,Hello");
assert!(data_url.path_segments().is_none());
assert!(data_url.query() == Some("World"));
assert!(data_url.fragment() == Some(""));

Base URL

Many contexts allow URL references that can be relative to a base URL:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../main.css">

Since parsed URLs are absolute, giving a base is required for parsing relative URLs:

use url::{Url, ParseError};

assert!(Url::parse("../main.css") == Err(ParseError::RelativeUrlWithoutBase))

Use the join method on an Url to use it as a base URL:

use url::Url;

let this_document = Url::parse("http://servo.github.io/rust-url/url/index.html")?;
let css_url = this_document.join("../main.css")?;
assert_eq!(css_url.as_str(), "http://servo.github.io/rust-url/main.css");